Horizontal directional drilling (HDD) has become a commonly used construction method for pipeline shore approaches. Horizontal Directional Drilling is being extensively used in India for installation of oil and gas pipelines. This trench less technology is currently used in crossings of water bodies, environmental sensitive areas, densely populated areas, areas prone to mass movement and anywhere the traditional technology is not suitable because of the risks to life and environment. HDD can mitigate environmental impact, provide greater burial depths and minimize construction schedules. Horizontal directional drilling (HDD) is a relatively new drilling technology that has been successfully adapted to site remediation. In addition to the benefits that HDD provides for the logistics of site cleanup, it also delivers sustainability advantages, compared to alternative construction methods.

The HDD process includes several steps, beginning with boring a small pilot hole underground with a continuous string of drill rods. Once the pilot hole is complete, a cutting tool called a back-reamer is attached and pulled back through the pilot hole. Several passes usually occur, depending on the diameter of the installed pipeline. Finally, the new pipeline is pulled back through the cleared pathway, and installation is complete. Usually, this method is preferred for open area installation and can be completed in a way that minimizes environmental and stakeholder impact, even in sensitive areas. long-distance underground pipelines are built across open areas, such as rural farmlands and urban utility corridors.